1.0 Background

Agile development is a set of practices intended to improve the effectiveness of software development and organizational change by developing IT systems through smaller pieces that are sequentially refined and improved. Agile methods are characterized by short development cycles, cross-functional teams, frequent client involvement, and an emphasis on creating a demonstrable working product with each development cycle. Agile has become increasingly popular as we move from the more traditional waterfall development models which subdivide projects into linear sequential phases and focus on detailed planning early on. See Appendix B for glossary of key terms.

This graphic includes the following words cascading down like a waterfall. Decision, Plan, Build, Test, Deploy.
This graphic includes an image of Agile development with a circular looping arrow including the text: Backlog, Analyse, Define, Design, Test, Deploy

Figure 1: Waterfall vs Agile development

Since 2015 the Chief Information Officer of Canada has released strategic documents on the government’s direction for Information and Information Technology (IM/IT) Management. The most recent version of this direction is Canada’s Digital Ambition 2022Footnote 1, builds on the digital standards and outlines the government’s vision to leverage agile ways of working to transition to a more digital government.

In 2019 the Treasury Board of Canada released the Policy on Service and Digital and the Chief Information Officer of Canada released the accompanying Government of Canada Digital Standards: Playbook. These documents, along with other supporting policies, encourage departments to embrace new agile ways of working in support of their digital goals.

This graphic includes 10 steps from the Government of Canada Digital Standards Playbook.  1. Design with users. 2. Build in accessibility from the start. 3. Collaborate widely. 4. Empower staff to deliver better services. 5. Work in the open by default. 6. Use open standards and solutions. 7. Iterate and improve frequently. 8. Design ethical services. 9. Address security and privacy risks. 10. Be good data stewards.

Figure 2: Government of Canada Digital Standards